迈向司法结构主义:以审判为中心诉讼结构的形成

Towards Judicial Structuralism: Formation of Trial-Centered Litigation Structure

中国传统诉讼是一种行政结构主义下的融合性诉讼结构,承担着统治型治理功能。新中国政法模式下,演化为从属性诉讼结构,法院治理功能呈现多元化。中国司法审查制度的建立和国家监察体制改革,推动了中国诉讼结构的两次转型。迈向司法结构主义,构建“以审判为中心”的独立性诉讼结构——价值结构以公平正义为追求、制度结构以审判中心主义为核心、集体结构以法官员额制为依托——实现中立型的司法治理功能,是诉讼制度改革的目标模式。

The traditional litigation in China is a kind of integrated litigation structure under administrative structuralism,which bears the governance function.Under political and legal model in New China,it has evolved into a subordinate litigation structure,with the diversified governance functions of courts.The establishment of China's judicial review system and the reform of the national supervision system have promoted two transitions of China's litigation structure.To form judicial structuralism and to construct a trial-centered independent litigation structure aiming at fairness and justice and focusing on trial-center and collective structure which relying on judge quota system aiming at implementingthe neutral judicial governance function,are the ideal modes of litigation system reform.