“创客工程教育”的概念内涵及其价值理念

The Concept Connotation and Value Concept of “Maker Engineering Education”

智能化时代的到来,中国工程教育能否支撑起中国制造应对以智能制造为核心的新一轮工业革命的挑战?能否培养和造就一大批具有自主创新能力与实践能力的创造性工程科技人才?这是不可回避的时代命题。面向"中国制造2025"提出的创客教育理念变革中国工程教育模式,为中国工程教育存在的现实问题提供了可操作性的解决方案。基于创客教育与工程教育深度融合的视角,提出了创客工程教育新概念,创客工程教育的基本理念是将"开源、分享、实践、创意、创新、创业"的创客文化基因,融入到工程教育的改革与实践之中,以培养具有创客素养的工程科技人才。创客工程教育的本质在于对生命和创造的灵魂"自觉"的唤醒,其教育目的则是面向创新型国家建设与制造强国战略,培养具有"工匠精神、设计思维、创造性、批判性思维和实践智慧"等创客核心素养的工程科技创客。创客工程教育的价值就在于发展工程科技创客的核心素养。因此,创客工程教育发展战略应从课程观、教学观和环境观三个维度体现创客工程教育的发展理念,基于实践原则和大工程观,分类培养、协同开放,根植生活推进创客工程教育。

With the advent of the era of intellectualization,can China’s engineering education support Made-inChina to meet the challenges of a new round of Industrial Revolution centered on intelligent manufacturing?Can we train and bring up a large number of creative engineering science and technology talents with independent innovation ability and practical ability?This is an unavoidable proposition of the times.This article proposes the concept of maker education towards China Manufacturing 2025 to transform China’s engineering education model,providing an operational solution for the practical problems of engineering education in China.Based on the perspective of the deep integration of maker education and engineering education,a new concept of maker engineering education is proposed.The basic idea of maker engineering education is to integrate the maker culture gene of"open source,sharing,practice,creativity,innovation and entrepreneurship"into the reform and practice of engineering education in order to cultivate engineering science and technology talents with maker literacy.The essence of maker engineering education is to awaken the soul consciousness of students’life and creation.The aim of maker engineering education is to cultivate engineering technology makers with core qualities such as craftsman spirit,design thinking,creativity,critical thinking and practical wisdom,which are oriented to the strategy of building an innovative country and building a strong manufacturing country.The value of maker engineering education lies in the development of the core literacy of the maker of engineering science and technology.Therefore,the development strategy of maker engineering education should reflect the development concept of maker engineering education from the three dimensions of curriculum view,teaching view and environmental view,and promote maker engineering education implementation based on practical principles and large engineering concept,with classification training,collaborative openness,and rooted life.