PC建筑生产要素消耗量的测算方法研究

Calculation method of production factor consumption for PC building

编制科学合理、能够反映正常生产力水平的PC建筑消耗量定额,是地方造价管理部门和建筑施工企业迫切需要解决的问题。首先理清了PC建筑生产要素消耗量的构成,分析了PC建筑生产要素消耗量与传统建筑消耗量在组成内容方面的差异;其次,根据PC建筑各生产过程的特征选取相应的定额测定方法,用以采集生产要素消耗量基础数据;鉴于PC建筑生产数据资料采集数量有限的特征,运用曲线拟合的最小二乘法进行数据分析,计算生产要素消耗量指标;最后以预制保温外墙板的人工消耗量为例进行案例分析,结果表明最小二乘法充分考虑了数据本身的变化规律,比按照传统的算术平均值理论方法计算更加接近数据真实值。科学合理确定PC建筑生产要素消耗量标准,可以为市场交易提供价格参考依据,客观公正地计算装配式建筑造价,促进装配式建筑规模化发展。

For local cost management departments and construction enterprises, it is an urgent problem to formulate a scientific and reasonable consumption quota for PC building which can reflect the normal productivity level. Firstly, the composition of production factor consumption in PC building is clarified. And the difference of production factor consumption between PC building and traditional building was analyzed from aspects of quantity and proportion. In addition, the corresponding quota measurement methods are selected according to the characteristics of PC building production process, which are used for collecting basic data of production factor consumption. Considering the limited data, Ordinary Least Square method was used to analyze the data and calculate the consumption quota of production factor. Finally, as a case study, manual consumption of prefabricated thermal insulation exterior wall panels was calculated. The results indicate that the date calculated by Ordinary Least Square is closer to the true value than traditional arithmetic average method. Scientifically and reasonably determining production factors consumption standard of PC building can provide price reference, objectively calculate cost and promote large-scale development for assembly building.