赤魟鱼鱼皮制备胶原肽的酶解工艺优化及其理化特性分析

Optimization of Enzymolysis Technology and Physical and Chemical Properties of Collagen Peptides from Skin of Red Stingray( Dasyatis akajei)

以赤魟鱼鱼皮提取的明胶为原料,从不同酶中筛选最适水解酶,采用单因素试验探究p H、温度、酶解时间和加酶量对酶解明胶水解度的影响。利用响应面法优化酶解明胶制备胶原肽工艺,并分析酶解物组成及理化性质。结果表明,最佳用酶为菠萝蛋白酶,酶解条件为pH5.00、温度44.5℃、时间3.7 h、加酶量6.00 g/L,此酶解条件下,胶原肽的水解度为20.47%±0.11%,与预测值21.18%基本相符。利用液相色谱串联质谱法从样品中鉴定出180个肽,分子量707.40～2021.04 Da,且66.11%肽为亲水性肽,33.89%肽为疏水性肽。理化性质分析表明:胶原肽持水能力为(3.25±0.05) g/g蛋白;脂肪吸收能力为(8.98±0.01) m L/g;溶解性大于90%; pH为6时,其起泡性及起泡性稳定性最大,分别为15.38%±0.15%和14.36%±0.14%; pH为3时,其乳化性最大,为78.82%±0.22%。此研究结果可为赤魟鱼鱼皮资源的高值化开发和利用提供技术指导和理论依据。

The optimum hydrolytic enzymes were screened out from different enzymes using gelatin extracted from the skin of red stingray as raw material.The effects of pH,temperature,hydrolysis time and amount of enzyme on the hydrolysis degree of gelatin were investigated by single factor experiment. The gelatin was hydrolyzed with proteases to prepare collagen peptides using response surface methodology,and then their physicochemical properties were analyzed.The results showed that the best enzyme was bromelain.The optimal hydrolysis parameters were determined as follows: pH5.00,hydrolysis temperature 44.5 ℃,hydrolysis time 3.7 h,enzyme concentration 6.00 g/L. The experimental degree of hydrolysis under optimal conditions was20.47%± 0.11%,which agreed with the predicated value of 21.18%.180 peptides were identified from the sample by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,and their molecular weights ranged from 707.40 to 2021.04 Da.Of these peptides,66.11% were hydrophilic peptides,and 33.89% were hydrophobic. Physicochemical property analysis showed that the waterholding capacity of the collagen peptides was( 3.25 ± 0.05) g/g protein,the fat binding capacity of collagen peptides was( 8.98 g ± 0.01) m L/g protein,the solubility of collagen peptides was over 90%,the highest foaming capacity and foaming stability values obtained at pH6 were 15.38%± 0.15% and 14.36%± 0.14%,respectively.The highest emulsification value of78.82%± 0.22% was obtained at pH3.This study provided technical guidance and a theoretical basis for the high-value utilization of red stingray skin processing byproducts.