居民公共休闲空间公平感和幸福感认知的影响因素——以杭州市为例

Factors of influencing the equity sense and happiness preference towards residents’ public leisure spaces

运用主成分回归和多变量相关分析揭示了休闲公平感与幸福感的影响因素。以杭州为例,分析了居民公共休闲公平、幸福认知的空间分异和内在关联。结果显示:休闲空间公平感存在民主性、弥补性、比照性三个公平维度;休闲空间幸福感有基本生活幸福、社会幸福、情感幸福三个层次;休闲公平感是不同社会群体及其休闲幸福认知形成的调节变量,主城区和乡村居民的“补偿性公平感”是其休闲生活幸福认知的直接影响因素,而新城、郊县居民则主要受“比照性休闲公平”、“民主性公平”等认知的影响;休闲公平认知与幸福认知在城乡层面呈现块状分化,但非简单的城乡二元特征,传统的城乡均衡供给并不利于公共休闲空间社会效用的发挥。据此认为,公共休闲空间配置应考虑城乡公共休闲文化的差异性,以增进社会幸福感为核心目标,采取差异化的公共休闲空间规制政策。

Using the methods of Principal Component Regression and Multivariate Correlation Analysis,this essay explores the influencing factors of leisure equity sense and happiness. Taking Hangzhou for example,this essay analyzes the residents' public leisure equity,happiness recognization and their relation. The results show that: Residents' Equity Sense toward public leisure spaces exists three equity dimensions;The Happiness Sense contains fundamental,social and emotional dimensions;Equity Sense is proved to be a regulated variable for the Happiness Sense,and specifically,the sense of complementary equity has a direct influence on leisure happiness for downtown and countryside residents;The sense of comparative equity become an influential factor for the suburban residents. Thus,governments should consider of the cultural disparity in the allocation of public leisure spaces for different regions to put forward differential public leisure spatial planning policies.