意大利牛舌草提取物抗炎镇咳与体外抑菌作用

Effects of Extracts of Anchusa italica Retz. on Anti-inflammatory,Cough-relieving and Bacteriostasis in Vitro

目的研究意大利牛舌草提取物抗炎镇咳及体外抑菌作用,为临床应用提供科学依据。方法采用角叉菜胶致大鼠足趾肿胀实验,观察意大利牛舌草不同提取物的抗炎作用;采用浓氨水诱导小鼠止咳实验,观察不同提取物的镇咳作用;采用试管稀释法,评价不同提取物对5种菌株(金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、白念珠菌)的体外抑菌作用。结果意大利牛舌草0.63 g·kg^(-1)、2.52 g·kg^(-1)乙醇提取部位、2.52 g·kg^(-1)乙酸乙酯与正丁醇部位在致炎后的不同时间段内抑制大鼠足趾肿胀程度显著(P<0.01),2.52 g·kg^(-1)乙醇提取部位抑制炎症效果与地塞米松组作用相当,正丁醇部位与乙醇部位的抑制炎症效果差异无统计学意义;小鼠镇咳实验中,0.90 g·kg^(-1)、3.04 g·kg^(-1)乙醇提取部位与3.04 g·kg^(-1)正丁醇部位的延长小鼠咳嗽潜伏期作用与急支糖浆差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01),且上述部位的3.04 g·kg^(-1)剂量组小鼠咳嗽次数明显减少(P<0.05);4种意大利牛舌草提取物分别对枯草芽孢杆菌具有抑菌活性,其中乙酸乙酯部位与水溶部位的抑制作用较强。结论意大利牛舌草乙醇提取部位及正丁醇部位具有抗炎,镇咳的药理活性,而乙酸乙酯部位对枯草芽孢杆菌具有体外抑制活性。

Objective To investigate the anti-inflammatory, antitussive and in vitro bacteriostatic effects of the extract of Anchusa italica Retz.,so as to scientific basis for clinical application. Methods The anti-inflammatory effect of different extracts was observed by inflammation model induced by carrageen glue toes swelling of rats;Antitussive effect was observed by ammonia- induced cough model;The in vitro bacteriostasis effects of different extracts on 5 strains ( Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Bacillus subtilis,Candida albicans ) was evaluate by the tube dilution method . Results The swelling of rat toes was significantly inhibited at different time after inflammation by 0.63 g·kg^-1 ,2.52 g·kg^-1 of ethanol extracts from Anchusa italica Retz.,2.52 g·kg^-1 of ethyl acetate and n- butanol parts ( P <0.01), and The inhibitory effect of2.52 g·kg^-1 ethanol extracts on inflammation was similar to that of dexamethasone group, but there was no statistically significant difference between n-butanol parts and ethanol parts;In the antitussive experiment in mice, 0.90 g·kg^-1 ,3.04 g·kg^-1 ethanol extracts, and3.04 g·kg -1 of the n-butanol extracts had better effect than the jizhi syrup in prolonging the incubation period of cough in mice ( P <0.05 or P <0.01), and the parts of the3.04 g·kg^-1 dose group could significantly reduced the frequency of cough ( P <0.05);All extracts had antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis, and the inhibition levels of ethyl acetate and water soluble parts were stronger. Conclusion The ethanol extracts and n-butyl alcohol parts has anti-inflammatory and antitussive pharmacological activities, and ethyl acetate parts has inhibitory activity against bacillus subtilis in vitro .