中国城镇居民养老保障水平的区域差异研究——基于2007-2016年区际面板数据的实证分析

A Study on the Regional Differences of Urban Residents' Endowment Security Level in China——Empirical Analysis Based on the 2007-2016 Inter-regional Panel Data

地区养老金缺口出现以来,养老保险的区域均衡发展备受各界关注。从我国养老保险制度的历史演进出发,以2007-2016年31个地区面板数据为样本,通过构建区域基尼系数等指标度量我国城镇居民养老保障水平的区域差异,并运用FGLS实证模型探究养老保障水平的影响因素。结果发现:我国城镇居民养老保障水平整体偏低并存在区域差异,而提高政府对社保和就业的财政支出力度有助于养老保障水平的提高,因此,应提高统筹层级并通过财政政策调节区域发展差异。

Since the emergence of regional pension gap, the regional balance of endowment insurance has attracted attention from social sectors. Starting from the historical evolution of China’s old-age insurance system, this paper takes 2007-2016 years of 31 regional panel data as samples, and measures the regional differences of urban residents’ endowment security level by constructing the regional Gini coefficient, and uses FGLS empirical model to explore the impact factors of the endowment security level. The results shows that the overall level of old-age security in China is low and exists the regional differences, while raising the government’s financial expenditure on social security and employment will help to improve the level of endowment security, and the government should improve the overall level and adjust the regional development disparity through fiscal policy.