史学、文学与修辞学理论:中外海登·怀特研究40年(1978-2018)回望

History,Literature,and Rhetoric: Review of Studies on Hayden White in China and the West in the Past Four Decades(1978-2018)

文献检索统计和文献分析梳理相结合有助于多维度捕捉中外怀特研究40年(1978—2018)的趋势和动态。中英文文献检索数据表明,怀特研究整体呈现稳定上升趋势,集中在语言与文学、史学、哲学等学科,以及《历史与理论》、《克莱奥》、《新文学史》、《史学再思考》等国外学术期刊,怀特专题研究逐渐从怀特的诗学和叙事理论转向多维研究,并逐渐聚焦历史哲学问题。国内外文献分析探讨了怀特思想在促进学科相互融通并促使学科的重新界定中的推动作用,以及文学理论和修辞学理论在充当怀特史学理论研究工具的过程中如何不断地被怀特修订和拓展。这两种研究结果说明,怀特的遗产不仅是思想理念,更多的是这些思想给很多学科留下了无穷无尽的问题,因而怀特研究体系不会因怀特的逝去而消亡,而是会一直参与到我们的话语之中,并激发国内外学者借助其理论框架进行反思、对比研究以及跨学科研究。

Literature review combined with Literature retrieval statistics helps capture the trends of studies on Hayden White in China and the west in the past four decades (1978-2018). As analysis of document retrieval data in China and abroad demonstrates, general studies on White has been steadily climbing, and heavily concentrated in such disciplines as linguistics and literature, history, and philosophy, and in academic journals such as History and Theory, Clio, New Literary History, and Rethinking History while focused studies on White has gradually shifted their attention from White’s poetics and narrative theory to discourse and begins to concentrate more on historical philosophy recently. Review of literature in China and abroad probes into the role of White's theories in promoting interdisciplinary integration and redefining the discipline, as well as how literary theories and rhetorical theories are constantly revised and expanded in facilitating White’s development of theories of history. These two results show that for numerous disciplines White’s legacy is not just his theories, but also endless problems or questions provoked by these ideas. Owing largely to these theories and questions or problems, the discourse network generated around White is unlikely to die out upon White’s departure from this world;instead, White will always participate in this discourse network and stimulate scholars both home and abroad to use his theoretical frameworks to conduct more reflective, contrastive and interdisciplinary research.