城乡居民养老观念的差异及影响因素——基于CGSS 2013数据的实证研究

The Differences and Influencing Factors of Urban and Rural Residents' Attitude Toward Elderly Support:An Empirical Study Based on CGSS 2013 Data

社会经济的发展使传统养老的"反馈模式"日渐式微,人们的养老观念呈多元化趋势。以中国综合社会调查(CGSS)2013年的数据为基础,对城乡居民的养老观念差异及其影响因素进行综合分析,发现:农村居民认可多元化的养老方式,但子女养老依旧是第一选择;而政府、子女、自我三者责任分担才是城市居民最期望的养老方式。同时,城市居民的养老观念受年龄、受教育程度、收入、工作类型等个体特征影响较多,而农村居民的养老观念则受家庭成员个数、家庭经济状况等家庭特征因素影响较多。

With the development of social economy,the“feedback mode”of the elderly support is declining,and people’s attitude toward elderly support is diversified,which is an important aspect to be considered in the construction of the current elderly support system.Based on the data of CGSS(2013),this paper analyzes the differences in the attitude towards elderly support between urban and rural residents and its influencing factors.Rural residents approved diversification in elderly support,but children support is still the first choice,while urban residents preferred that the support responsibilities should share by government,children and elderly people themselves.Urban residents’attitude toward elderly support is affected by age,education,income,work type and other individual characteristics,while family members,family economic status and other family characteristics affect rural residents’attitude toward elderly support.