中国对欧港口投资的缺失与风险——以比雷埃夫斯港为例

Problems and Potential Risks of China’s Port Investment in Europe:the Port of Piraeus as an Example

21世纪海上丝绸之路的落实与推进在很大程度上依赖于沿线港口项目的建设,而从比雷埃夫斯港的成功模式无法被地中海沿岸其他港口复制的困境可以看出.中国对欧港口投资并非一帆风顺。具体而言.当前的对欧港口投资主要存在两个方面的问题:一是建设完成后的港口项目由于陷入与其他港口或中欧班列之间不必要的内部竞争而无法发挥预期作用.二是在建的港口项目因为遭遇政治或社会层面的阻力而无法如期竣工。前一种问题的出现表明相关企业在港口布局过程中各自为战.彼此之间缺乏协调.未能针对全局做好统筹规划;而后一种问题则意味着在欧洲极端政党不断崛起、社会逐渐分裂的背景下.中国企业原先简单地依赖欧洲各国政府政策延续、忽视社会反应的投资模式亟需调整.中国企业以更加主动的方式同欧洲各国内部的政治和社会势力开展互动.为港口项目争取必要的保障。

Since the implementation and advancement of the 21 st Century Maritime Silk Road(MSR) relies heavily on the construction of port facilities along the route, the fact that the successful model of Piraeus cannot be easily replicated by other ports on the Mediterranean coast means that not every investment has been a success. Specifically, China’s current investment in European ports mainly has two problems. One problem is that some completed port projects are unable to play their intended role due to unnecessary internal competition with other MSR ports or the China Railway Express. The other is that some port projects under construction cannot keep to schedule due to political or social resistance in European countries. The first problem indicates that the Chinese enterprises do not coordinate with each other on the overall plan for port construction. The second problem means that given the rise of extremist parties and the gradual social fragmentation, Chinese companies’ previous investment model, which simply betted on policy continuity of European governments’ while neglecting the social response, needs to be adjusted, and there has to be more active interaction with political and social forces in European countries so as to secure the necessary safeguard for port investment.