一起危险废物处理不当引起的职业性急性有害气体中毒事件调查

Occupational acute mixed gas poisoning due to improper disposal of hazardous waste

目的调查一起由危险废物处理过程中毒气泄漏引起的职业性有害气体中毒事件。方法采用描述性分析法,对2017年12月发生在山东某地的一起由废物处理毒气泄漏引起的职业性急性有害气体中毒事件进行调查,同时对5例中毒患者的临床资料进行分析,对事故相关毒检报告等有关资料进行分析。结果该事件是由于剧毒废物未做标识、作业工人防护措施不到位、违规操作和盲目施救导致,共5人当场中毒死亡,12人中毒住院。其中就诊于山东大学齐鲁医院的5例患者表现为不同程度的神经系统和呼吸系统损害,经过积极的治疗后均好转出院,3例患者预后复查基本临床治愈。结论该中毒事件主要是由硫化氢、二氯甲烷、氰化氢气体泄漏引起的,患者临床主要表现为神经系统、循环系统、呼吸系统等系统损害。

Objective To investigate an occupational hazardous gas poisoning incident caused by gas leakage in the process of hazardous waste treatment. Methods An investigation was conducted on a case of occupational acute hazardous gas poisoning caused by waste treatment gas leakage in Shandong province in December 2017. Meanwhile, the clinical data of 5 cases of poisoning patients were analyzed, and the accident related poison test report and other relevant data were analyzed. Results The incident was caused by the toxic waste did not do labeling work, the workers' protection measures were not in place, the illegal operation and the blind rescue, resulting in a total of 5 people died on the spot, 12 people were hospitalized with poisoning. Among them, 5 patients admitted to our hospital showed varying degrees of damage to the nervous system and respiratory system. After active treatment, they all got better and were discharged. Conclusion The poisoning is mainly caused by hydrogen sulfide dichloromethane hydrogen cyanide gas leakage serious production liability accident, clinical main performance for the nervous system circulatory system respiratory system and other system damage.