某市1494例尘肺病例流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of 1494 cases of pneumoconiosis in a city

目的研究宜昌市2006至2016年尘肺病例发病特点,为制定尘肺病的预防控制对策提供依据。方法收集中国疾病预防控制中心职业病网络直报系统2006至2016年宜昌市报告的尘肺病例资料共1 494例,对其年龄、工龄等内容进行描述性流行病学分析。结果宜昌市2006至2016年共报告尘肺病病例1 494例,其中,煤工尘肺1 076例(72.02%)、矽肺382例(25.57%),平均接尘工龄为13.78年,发病工龄主要集中在5~9年(35.27%)、10~19年(30.32%)。尘肺病发病情况及严重程度(期别)与接尘工龄有关(P<0.01)。首次诊断与首次晋期诊断时间间隔小于10年的病例最多(28例,62.22%)。结论宜昌市尘肺病种类以煤工尘肺为主,应加强职业卫生健康管理。

Objective To analyze the prevalence of pneumoconiosis in Yichang City from 2006 to 2016, and to provide a scientific basis for the administrative department to formulate prevention and control strategies for pneumoconiosis. Methods From 2006 to 2016, through the China Disease Control Information System Occupational Disease and Occupational Health Inspection System, relevant data were obtained, and the types of pneumoconiosis, the disease area and the dust-collecting age in Yichang City were statistically analyzed. Results There were 1494 cases of pneumoconiosis in Yichang City, which were mainly distributed in 1 076 cases (72.02%) of coal workers’ pneumoconiosis and 382 cases (25.57%) of silicosis, which occurred in Yiling District, Changyang County, Yidu City and Zigui County. The average age of dust collection was 13.78 years, and the age of onset was mainly concentrated in 5~9 years (35.27%) and 10~19 years (30.32%). The incidence and severity of pneumoconiosis (phase) were related to the age of dusting (P<0.01). Conclusion The pneumoconiosis in Yichang City is mainly concentrated in the mining industry. The types of pneumoconiosis are mainly coal workers’ pneumoconiosis. The occupational health and health management of key industries, regions and types of work should be strengthened.