职业性铬鼻病24例临床分析

Clinical analysis of 24 cases of occupational chromium rhinopathy

我院2016年对某钢厂接触铬渣工作700人进行离岗职业健康检查,发现24人有鼻部损伤,经专家组会诊确诊职业性重度铬鼻病1例,职业性轻度铬鼻病23例。经统计学分析,24例患者的工种和接害时间分布差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。预防铬鼻病应采取积极措施,改革工艺流程,加强对作业人员的职业健康宣教及职业健康监护工作,避免铬及其化合物经鼻部及呼吸道接触,减少或杜绝铬鼻病的发生。

Occupational chromium rhinopathy is chronic nasal damage caused by chromic anhydride, chromate and dichromate 6-valent chromium compounds. In 2016, 700 people who were exposed to chromium slag in steel plant were checked out. 24 people were found to have nasal injuries. The expert group confirmed 1 case of occupational severe chromium rhinosis and 23 cases of occupational mild chromium rhinosis.There was no significant difference in the incidence, type of work and duration of injury among 24 patients (P>0.05). Active measures should be taken to prevent chromium rhinopathy and the technological process should be reformed. Occupational health education and occupational health monitoring should be strengthened to avoid exposure of chromium and its compounds through nose and respiratory tract, and to reduce or eliminate the occurrence of chromium rhinosis.