护理新模式在降低初产妇剖宫产率中的应用效果

Effects of new nursing model on reducing the rate of cesarean delivery in primiparas

目的探究护理新模式在降低初产妇剖宫产率和焦虑、抑郁程度中的应用效果。方法采用便利抽样法,选择2017年3月—2018年3月北京市大兴区妇幼保健院360名初产妇作为研究对象,以知情同意告知后根据个人意愿分为观察组和对照组,每组180名。对照组实施产科常规护理;观察组实施产科护理新模式,即给予健康教育、心理疏导、全程导乐陪伴分娩等。比较观察组与对照组产妇的分娩方式选择率,产妇焦虑、抑郁程度以及护理满意度。结果对照组的自然分娩选择率为50.56%(91/180),剖宫产选择率为49.44%(89/180);观察组自然分娩选择率为85.56%(154/180),剖宫产选择率为14.44%(26/180)。两组产妇的剖宫产选择率和自然分娩选择率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后观察组焦虑、抑郁评分较对照组低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。两组护理满意度比较,观察组98.33%(177/180),对照组92.78%(167/180),观察组优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论护理新模式的应用实施,能够有效降低产妇的焦虑、抑郁程度,促进其选择自然分娩,降低剖宫产率,值得临床推广应用。

Objective To explore the effects of the new nursing model on reducing the rate of cesarean delivery, anxiety and depression in primiparas. Methods Totally 360 primiparas from Beijing Daxing Maternal and Child Care Hospital from March 2017 to March 2018 were selected by convenient sampling and divided into the observation group (n=180) and the control group (n=180) based on their personal willingness after informed consent. Primiparas in the control group received conventional nursing care for gynaecology and obstetrics patients, while primiparas in the observation group were treated based on the new nursing model, including health education, psychological counseling and whole-course guidance and companion. The selection rate of delivery mode, anxiety, depression and satisfaction with nursing in the primiparas were compared between the two groups. Results The selection rates of spontaneous labor or cesarean delivery in the control group were 50.56%(91/180) and 49.44%(89/180);the selection rates of spontaneous labor or cesarean delivery in the control group were 85.56%(154/180) and 14.44%(26/180). There was statistical difference in the selection rates of spontaneous labor or cesarean delivery between the two groups (P<0.01). The anxiety and depression scores of the observation group were lower than those of the control group post intervention, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.01). The observation group's satisfaction with nursing was 98.33%(177/180), while that of the control group was 92.78%(167/180), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions The new nursing model can effectively reduce the anxiety and depression in primiparas, encourage them to select spontaneous labor and reduce the rate of cesarean delivery, which is worth promoting in clinical practice.