肿瘤科护士癌症疼痛管理的态度和知识现状及影响因素的研究

Attitude and knowledge on cancer pain management and their influencing factors among oncology department nurses

目的了解肿瘤科护士对癌症疼痛管理的态度和知识掌握现况,探索其影响因素,为发展有针对性的疼痛培训项目提供依据。方法采用方便抽样法,于2018年4—6月采用自设一般资料调查问卷和疼痛管理知识和态度调查问卷(KASRP)对来自21个省份、4个直辖市及4个自治区的291名肿瘤科护士进行现场调查。结果共回收有效问卷276份。276名护士的KASRP问卷正确率为(59.2±11.0)%,正确率范围为31.7%~85.4%。不同地区、肿瘤临床护理年限、有无接受疼痛培训经历、有无参与癌症疼痛管理实践、月均护理癌症疼痛患者人数的护士的KASRP问卷正确率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);相关分析显示,护士年龄与KASPR得分呈正相关(r=0.237,P<0.001)。多元线性回归分析结果显示,护士年龄、参与疼痛管理实践、接受疼痛培训经历是影响护士癌症疼痛知识和态度的因素(P<0.05)。结论我国肿瘤科护士对癌症疼痛管理的态度仍存在误区,相关知识掌握不足,且受到多种因素影响。一方面提示对临床护士开展有针对性的疼痛管理培训的重要性和紧迫性;另一方面应创新培训方式方法,与疼痛管理实践紧密结合,才能有效改善护士在癌痛管理方面的知识和态度,从而使护士在癌痛管理中更好地发挥作用。

Objective To understand the attitude and knowledge on cancer pain management among oncology department nurses and to explore their influencing factors so as to provide a basis for developing targeted pain training projects. Methods From April to June 2018, we investigated 291 oncology department nurses from 21 provinces, 4 municipalities directly under the central government and 4 autonomous regions on the spot with the self-designed information questionnaire and the Knowledge and Attitudes Survey Regarding Pain (KASRP) by convenience sampling. Results A total of 276 valid questionnaires were collected. Among 276 nurses, the accuracy rate of KASRP was (59.2±11.0)% ranged from 31.7% to 85.4%. There were statistical differences in the accuracy rates of KASRP among nurses with different areas, years working in cancer nursing, whether attended the pain training, whether participated in cancer pain management practice and monthly number of patients with cancer pain nursing provided by nurses (P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that the age of nurses had a positive correlation with the score of KASRP (r=0.237, P<0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis proved that the influencing factors of attitude and knowledge on cancer pain management of nurses included the age of nurses, attending pain management practice, participating in the pain training (P<0.05). Conclusions Among oncology department nurses in China, there are misunderstandings in attitudes on cancer pain management, and their related knowledge was insufficient which influenced by many factors. On the one hand, it points out the importance and urgency for clinical nurses to develop targeted pain management pain. On the other hand, we should provide innovative training methods and combine pain management practice tightly to effectively improve attitude and knowledge on cancer pain management among of nurses so as to make nurses play an important role well in cancer pain management.