思密达漱口液结合多途径护理干预预防肿瘤患者化疗后口腔溃疡的效果分析

Effects of dioctahedral smectite gargle combined with multi-channel nursing on preventing oral ulcer among cancer patients after chemotherapy

目的探究思密达漱口液结合多途径护理干预预防肿瘤患者化疗后口腔溃疡的效果。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2017年6月-2018年6月在宁波市第二医院肿瘤内科行静脉化疗的患者80例,按随机数字表法分为对照组和试验组各40例,对照组化疗开始时行常规温开水漱口护理,试验组采用思密达漱口,并采取多途径的护理干预措施,观察比较两组化疗后7 d内口腔溃疡的发生率及口腔溃疡程度分级。结果对照组和试验组口腔溃疡总发生率分别为32.5%(13/40)和5.0%(2/40),差异有统计学意义(χ^2=9.928,P=0.002)。对照组Ⅰ~Ⅱ级溃疡11例,发生率27.5%;Ⅲ~Ⅳ级溃疡2例,发生率5.0%。试验组Ⅰ~Ⅱ级溃疡2例,发生率5.0%;无Ⅲ~Ⅳ级溃疡发生。结论思密达漱口液结合多途径护理干预能降低肿瘤患者化疗后口腔溃疡的发生率,减轻溃疡程度,该方案简单有效,适用于临床。

Objective To explore the effects of dioctahedral smectite gargle combined with multi-channel nursing on preventing oral ulcer among cancer patients after chemotherapy. Methods From June 2017 to June 2018, we selected 80 patients with vein chemotherapy in medical oncology at the Ningbo Second Hospital of Zhejiang Province by convenience sampling. All of the patients were divided into control group and experimental group with the method of random number table, 40 cases in each group. At the beginning of chemotherapy, control group carried out routine mouth care with the warm boiled water, while experimental group implemented dioctahedral smectite gargle combined with multi-channel nursing. Finally, we compared the incidence and severity of oral ulcer within 7 days after chemotherapy between two groups. Results The total incidence of oral ulcer of control group and experimental group was 32.5%(13/40) and 5.0%(2/40) respectively with a statistical difference (χ2=9.928, P=0.002). There were 11 cases (the incidence was 27.5%) with Ⅰ to Ⅱ level of oral ulcer and 2 cases (the incidence was 5.0%) with Ⅲ to Ⅳ level of oral ulcer in control group. There were 2 cases (the incidence was 5.0%) with Ⅰ to Ⅱ level of oral ulcer and was no case with Ⅲ to Ⅳ level of oral ulcer in experimental group. Conclusions Dioctahedral smectite gargle combined with multi-channel nursing can reduce the incidence of oral ulcer among cancer patients after chemotherapy and reduce the severity of oral ulcer. This plan is simple and effective which is suitable for clinical application.