资本监管与工人劳动自主性——以快递工人劳动过程为例

Capital Regulation and Workers’ Autonomy——The Labor Process of Delivery Workers

本文在综合考察和评述经典制造业劳动过程理论、服务业劳动过程理论基础上研究了快递工人的劳动过程。具体的研究问题是:在资本严密的管理与监控下,快递工人如何争取劳动过程中的自主性。研究发现,快递工人会采用“借力打力”等方式消除劳动过程中的限制因素,将周围环境因素对他们的劳动过程所造成的压力外化为这些因素自身的矛盾,从而使自己从这种压力中解放出来。快递公司对于一部分的行动采取“视而不见”的态度,对于另外一部分行动则采取更为微妙的方式来“支持”与“推动”。本研究基于重回工人劳动过程的观察,在具体的劳动过程中发现工人劳动过程自主性的连续性与谱系性。

This paper studies the labor process of express delivery workers on the basis of a comprehensive review of the classical labor process theory applying to manufacturing industry and service industry.The research question is:how do delivery workers strive for autonomy in the production process under the strict management and supervision of employers?It finds that delivery workers eliminate the supervision by utilizing the control system and escape from the pressure by turning the pressure of environmental factors on their labor process to the contradictions of these factors themselves.The company turns a blind eye on some actions and takes a more subtle way to support and promote others.Based on the observation of the labor process of delivery workers,this study finds the continuity and genealogy of workers labor process autonomy.