营养治疗是肿瘤的一线治疗

Nutrition therapy is the first-line therapy for cancer

恶性肿瘤是我国居民第一死亡原因,而我国肿瘤患者的5年生存率显著低于发达国家,其原因是多方面的,轻视营养不良是主要原因之一。我国肿瘤患者的营养不良发病率高,但是治疗率低。由于营养宣教相对缺乏,许多营养误区得不到纠正和(或)引导。肿瘤患者的营养不良除了导致自身体重丢失、肌肉减少,还会增加医疗支出、增加社会的负担。肿瘤营养疗法是计划、实施、评价营养干预,以治疗肿瘤及其并发症或身体状况,从而改善肿瘤患者预后的过程,包括营养诊断(营养筛查、营养评估、综合评价3级诊断)、营养治疗、疗效评价(包括随访)3个阶段。实施营养治疗不仅能改善营养状况,更能提高临床效果,改善生活质量,延长生存时间,同时节约医疗费用。营养治疗是与手术、放疗、化疗、免疫治疗等肿瘤基本治疗方法并重的一个独立疗法,应该成为肿瘤患者的一线治疗。

Malignant tumor has become the No.1 cause of death in China with a significantly lower 5-year survival rate than that of developed countries.Failure to intervene malnutrition among cancer patients is partially responsible for this phenomenon.Incidence of malnutrition is high,but its treatment rate is low in Chinese cancer patients.Clinicians and cancer patients are short of the awareness of nutrition treatment,yet full of misinformation due to lack of nutritional education.Besides causing weight loss and muscle loss among cancer patients,malnutrition would also increase medical costs and put a burden on society.Cancer nutrition therapy(CNT)is the process of planning,applying,and evaluating nutrition treatment for cancer patients.Aiming to treat cancer,improve body conditions,and improve prognosis,CNT involves three stages,including nutritional diagnosis(three levels composing of nutritional screening,nutritional assessment,and comprehensive evaluation),nutritional treatment,and efficacy evaluation(including follow-ups). Implementation of nutrition therapy assists in improving nutritional status,clinical efficacy and quality of life,extending survival time,and reducing costs.Nutrition therapy,as an independent therapy in addition to conventional anti-cancer treatments such as surgery,radiotherapy,chemotherapy,and immunotherapy,should be the first-line therapy for cancer patients.