从“小文学”走向“大人文”——“后文学”时代文学新概念的理论探索

From “Small Literature” to “Greater Humanities”: Theoretical Inquiry into a New Concept of Literature in the Post-literary Era

数字化革命加深了斯诺所说的“两种文化”的分离,引发了德里达关于文学和人文学科的末世论。为了应对由于技术变革而产生的“后文学”时代的来临,有必要提出一个新的文学概念,该概念有两个核心思想:“小文学”和“大文学”;前者指狭义文学,后者指广义文学。在探讨这一双重概念得以建立的历史、理论和实践基础的同时,对其内在逻辑从文学的概念起源、本体论和方法论的视角予以学理性探讨,并检验是否可运用“大文学”的概念寻找翻新文学大纲的可行路径,使用数字技术产生的文本来重新发明教学机器。在保留作为精英书写的“小文学”的同时,提出包括“小文学”“大文学”及其他人文学科的“大人文”的称谓。

The digital revolution has deepened what C.P.Snow calls “The Two Cultures” and given rise to Derrida's apocalyptic vision on literature and humanities.As technological revolution demands a new conception of literature to deal with the coming of the post-literary era,it is necessary to propose a new concept of literature which has two core ideas:“Small Literature” and “Big Literature.” While the former refers to literature in its narrow sense,the latter to literature in its broad sense.After examining the historical,theoretical and practical basis on which this dual concept is grounded,this article conducts an inquiry into its logic in terms of literature's origin,ontology and epistemology and seeks to ascertain whether it is possible to employ the idea of “Big Literature,^ to locate viable ways to reform literary curricula and use digitally generated texts to reinvent the teaching machine.While calling for the preservation of refined writings as “Small Literature,”the article puts forward the term of “greater humanities,”which incorporates “Small Literature,”“Big Literature,”and other humanistic subjects.