“礼让行人”规范的实施路径——全国首例“斑马线罚款案”评析

The Way of Implementation of “Yielding the Right-of-way to a Pedestrian” Norm——A Critique on China’s first ‘zebra crossing fine case’

为了消解机动车与行人之间日益激烈的路权冲突,"礼让行人"规范的确立与实施已然成为我国很多地方政府的共同选择。最高人民法院亦发布指导案例90号,试图为全国首例"斑马线罚款案"的合法性进行背书。作为指导案例90号创新的"连续行为"理论,由于机动车交通违法信息的获取问题与"礼让行人"规范的自身特性而具有无法克服的实施困境,这意味着公安交通管理机关无法对没有履行绝对"礼让行人"义务的机动车驾驶人进行有效的行政处罚。在法经济学上,经由侵权法的司法控制路径,而非经由安全规章的行政规制路径,更有利于《道路交通安全法》第47条第1款"礼让行人"规范的有效实施。实际上,这也正是我国一贯采取的实施路径。

In order to solve the increasingly fierce road right conflicts between vehicle drivers and pedestrians, the establishment and implementation of "yielding the right-of-way to a pedestrian" norm has become the common choice of many local governments in China.Attempting to endorse the legality of the country’s first "zebra crossing fining", the Supreme People’s Court also issued guidance case no.90.The "continuous behavior" theory, as the innovation of guiding case no.90, has an insurmountable implementation dilemma because of the difficulty of acquiring traffic violation information of vehicle drivers and the nature of the "yielding the right-of-way to a pedestrian" norm.In law economics, the effective implementation of article 47, paragraph 1, of Road Traffic Safety Law of the People’s Republic of China should be achieved by the way of judicial control through tort law, rather than through the administrative regulation of safety regulations.In fact, this is the implementation way that China has always taken.