汉语疑问词短语原位和异位的广义无择约束阐释

A generalized unselective binding approach to in-situ and ex-situ wh-phrases in Chinese

在主流生成语法领域,汉语被视为最典型的疑问词原位语言,对其研究主要从隐性移动或无择约束展开,似乎并没有意识到它与英语等语言一样也存在疑问词前置或异位现象。Pan(2014)第一次较全面地探讨了汉语疑问代词短语异位的现象,并将其划为四类,即移位生成的话题和焦点及原位生成的话题和焦点。这样,如何将汉语疑问代词的原位和前置现象进行统一的句法阐释就成为悬而未决的问题.本文结合多种斯拉夫语中也存在疑问词前置到标句词之下的不完全移动现象,提出了广义疑问词短语原位和广义无择约束的概念,并发展出了其在CP分裂视野下的理论框架;在此框架内,本文对Pan(2014)提出的四种汉语异位疑问词句进行了成功的广义无择约束诠释。

In mainstream Generative Grammar,Chinese has been regarded as the most typical wh-in-situ language,which has been studied mainly from LF movement or unselective binding(UB),seemingly unaware of the existenee of wh-frontings in Chinese much like in English.Pan(2014)initiates a comprehensive study on the typology of Chinese wh-ex-situ expressions and ascribes them to four types,including extracted and base-generated topics and fbci.The pending question now is,how to interpret the wh-in-situ and wh-ex-situ phenomena in a unified way.In reviewing the development of UB theory in generative grammar and the phenomena of partial wh-fr on ting to landing sites below CP in Russian and Polish(Stepanov&Tsai 2008),similar to Chinese,this paper proposes the conception of generalized wh-in-situ(G-wh-in-situ)and generalized unselective binding(GUB),and develops it into a split CP GUB framework against the left periphery cartography of CP.Within this framework,Chinese wh-questions embodying Pan's(2014)four types of wh-ex-situ are successfully interpreted.