从句子回忆和信息提取看双语双重编码理论

Bilingual Dual Coding Theory from the perspective of sentence recall and information retrieval

双语双重编码理论认为,双语者有两个相互分离的言语系统,分别对一语和二语接收的信息进行编码处理;双语心理词库中的具体概念共享存储系统,而抽象概念则独立存储。本研究采用回忆实验和启动实验,验证双语者的句子回忆和信息提取是否与双语双重编码模型的预测一致。研究结果显示,使用英-汉双语编码的受试在自由回忆测验中的表现显著优于使用英语编码的受试,且该结果在二语熟练程度较高和较低的受试中均显著,同模型预测一致;二语水平较低的受试在跨语言提取抽象信息时,反应时间显著长于语言内提取,符合模型预测;二语水平较高的受试反应时间无显著差异,不符合模型预测。

The Bilingual Dual Coding Theory holds that bilinguals have two separate verbal systems to code information received by the first and second languages respectively; the concrete concepts in the bilingual mental lexicon have shared storage system, while the abstract concepts are stored independently. This study uses free recall test and priming experiment to test whether the sentence recall and information retrieval of bilinguals are consistent with the prediction of Bilingual Dual Coding Model. The results show that the English-Chinese bilingual coding group performed significantly better in the free recall test than English coding group, and the results were significant in both subjects with low-level and high-level second language proficiency, which is consistent with the prediction of the model. When the subjects with low-level second language proficiency retrieved abstract information across languages, the reaction time was significantly higher than intra-language retrieval, which was consistent with the prediction of the model; there was no significant difference in the reaction time of subjects with high-level second language proficiency, which did not conform to the model’s prediction.