一流应用型本科教育建设的实践探索(笔谈)

Practical Exploration on the Construction of First-Class Applied Undergraduate Education (Pen Talk)

应用型本科教育是一流本科教育的重要组成部分,地方应用型高校的发展水平关涉中国高等教育的整体发展。一流应用型本科教育反映了地方高校的内生需求,也是全球新技术新产业经济发展外在驱动的结果。一流应用型本科教育的建设要坚持应用型办学定位,扎根地方办大学,确立区域特色鲜明的人才培养目标,培养区域经济发展所需的创新应用型人才;强调"需求导向",以2. 0版产业学院为载体,依据产业结构调整优化专业结构,建立专业动态调整机制;根据需求导向理念反向重构课程,促进课程体系向"技术逻辑体系"转变,打造"以能力为中心"的课堂教学,关注学生应用能力的培养;坚持学以致用的学术观,推动教师由"传统学术型"到"应用学术型"转变,培养教师具备对现实问题的敏感意识、解决实际问题的能力,以及面向经济社会发展设计教学内容与思考科研课题的能力;推进产教深度融合,与地方政府和产业协同创新,建立起技术市场与高校之间的沟通桥梁和信息纽带,构建政府-高校-企业立体三螺旋"产学研"结合的技术转移转化长效机制。

The applied undergraduate education is an important part of first - class undergraduate education. The development level of local applied universities is related to the overall development of Chinese higher education. The first - class applied undergraduate education reflects the endogenous needs of local colleges and universities, and it is also the result of the external drive of the global economic development of new technologies and industries. The construction of first -class application - oriented undergraduate education should adhere to the orientation of application - oriented education, take root in the local universities, establish the goal of cultivating talents with distinct regional characteristics, train the innovative and applied talents needed for regional economic development, emphasize “demand orientation”, take the 2.0 edition of industrial college as the carrier, adjust and optimize the professional structure according to the industrial structure, and establish a dynamic adjustment mechanism of specialty according to the demand. The guiding idea is to rebuild the curriculum in reverse, to promote the transformation of the curriculum system to the “technical logic system”, to create “ability - centered” classroom teaching, and to pay attention to the cultivation of students’ application ability, to adhere to the academic concept of “learning for application”, to promote the transformation of teachers from “traditional academic” to “applied academic”, and to cultivate teachers’ sensitivity to the practical problems and the ability to solve practical problems, as well as the ability to design teaching content and think about scientific research topics for the economic and social development,to promote the deep integration of industry and education, to coordinate the innovation with local governments and industries, to establish communication bridges and information links between the technology markets and universities, and to build a long - term mechanism of “industry - university - research” technology transformation in the three - dimensional triple helix among the government - university - enterprise.