西部扬帆——全面振兴西部高等教育的战略构想

Sailing in the West: The Theoretical Conception of Comprehensively Revitalizing Western Higher Education

高等教育强国建设要求优化高等教育系统的层次结构、类型结构、区域结构,兼顾重点工程建设和基础能力提升,全面振兴西部高等教育具有突出的战略意义。在先后经历近20年的西部大开发和近10年的振兴发展之后,西部高等教育进入了一个新的历史时期,需要在"两个一百年"发展目标下确定新的战略定位并进行新的战略设计,这要求在新一轮的战略规划中进行深度思考以确保全面振兴目标的顺利达成。依据"两个大局"的战略构想,在对国内外"西部开发"和"西部高教振兴"经验检视的基础上,重点借助政治、经济和教育学科的理论资源,从战略目标、思路、框架和实施等方面提出全面振兴西部高等教育的战略构想。(一)战略目标:经过30年(2019—2049年)建设,西部高等教育结构合理,特色鲜明,生态优良,办学质量、服务能力和国际竞争力明显增强,与东部高等教育并驾齐驱、优势互补,形成高等教育强国建设的双轮驱动格局。(二)战略思路:一是重心西移;二是重点下沉;三是重策调整。(三)战略框架:在生态战略层面,建立西部副都,构建协同发展的大航母战略;在均衡战略层面,搭建新技术平台,实施超常规投入的兜底计划;在崛起战略层面,将再地化与国际化结合,打造西部高教特色,拓展发展空间,扩大国际影响。(四)战略实施:在西部副都建制下,重点打造西部"硅谷"、西部文都和西部评估3个造血引擎;在系统运行方面,重点构建两"线"输送、两"链"交辉、两"坠"齐耀的运行机制;在战略推进方面,以30年为周期,经过3个阶段的建设,从基本实现现代化到建成西部高等教育强区,最终实现西部高等教育的全面振兴。

The construction of powerful country of higher education requires optimizing the hierarchical structure, type structure and regional structure of higher education system, taking into account the key project construction and basic ability improvement, and comprehensively revitalizing the western higher education has outstanding strategic significance. After nearly 20 years of western development and nearly 10 years of revitalization and development, the western higher education has entered a new historical period, and it is necessary to determine a new strategic positioning and carry out new strategic design under the development goals of “two one - hundred years”, which requires deep thinking in a new round of strategic planning to ensure the smooth achievement of the overall revitalization goals. Therefore, based on the strategic concept of “Two Overall Situations”, on the basis of empirical review on “Western Development” and “Western Higher Education Revitalization”, focusing on the theoretical resources of political, economic and educational disciplines, and the theoretical concept of comprehensively revitalizing western higher education was put forward from the strategic objectives, planning, framework and implementation. On the strategic goal, with the reasonable structure of western higher education, the clear characteristics and the excellent ecology, the quality of running colleges and universities, service capabilities and international competitiveness are obviously enhanced after 30 years (2019-2049), the higher education in the east and east being equal and complementary, and the two - wheel drive pattern of powerful country of higher education will be formed. On the strategic planning, the overall situation was shift to the priority development of western higher education, from focusing on support to coexisting of universal preferential and competition, from segmentation to system linkage strategy. On the strategic framework, a cooperative development of “the aircraft carrier” structure was created by the construction of western sub - capital system at the ecological strategic level, to build a technology platform and develop a plan for extraordinary investment from the perspective of balanced strategy, to create the characteristics of western higher education and expand international influence by combining re - localization with internationalization from the perspective of rising strategy. On the strategic implementation, focus on building three “hematopoietic engines” in the west China, which are the “Silicon Valley”, culture centre and centre for western China evaluation under the western sub - capital system in terms of institution building, and focus on the constructing the mechanism of two - line conveyor, two - chain intertwining and two - pendant shining in terms of system operation. In terms of the strategic advancement, the modernization of western higher education is realized, powerful western higher education zone being established, and finally the overall revitalization of western higher education will be realized after 3 - stage construction in 30 years.