大学生高斯定理学习状况的考评与研究

An Assessment and Research on Students’ Understanding of Gauss’s Law of Electricity

高斯定理是大学物理电学部分的重要内容。以大一学生作为调查对象,以概念考评和深度访谈作为主要手段的调查结果表明:学生在与高斯定理相关的基本概念、基本技能上均存在较多问题,有些问题从来未被发现,另有一些重要且被忽视的教学目标在调查过程中显现出来。调查研究既发现了问题,也给予重要的启示:任课教师应当以互动的方式强化概念性问题教学;适当阅读中外实证类文献以获取相关信息;适当结合课堂教学开展小型实证研究。

Gauss's law of Electricity is an essential part of electricity section of introductory physics course. Taking freshmen as subjects, conceptual assessment and in-depth interviews as the main means, the results of the investigation show that: there are many problems in the basic concepts and skills related to Gauss Theorem. Some problems have never been found, and some important and neglected teaching goals have emerged during the investigation. The investigation and research not only find problems, but also give us important enlightenment: teachers should strengthen conceptual problem teaching in an interactive way, appropriate reading of Chinese and foreign empirical literature to obtain relevant information is necessary, appropriate combination of classroom teaching to carry out small-scale empirical research is quite important.