低剂量持久性有机污染物暴露对大鼠的影响

Effects of low dose persistent organic pollutants on rats

目的探讨低剂量持久性有机污染物(POPs)暴露对大鼠体重、进食量、脏器、血生化、代谢酶和抗氧化成分等指标的影响。方法 16只SD大鼠随机分为实验组和对照组,实验组每日给予多氯联苯、多氯联苯醚以及多氯代二英和多氯代苯并呋喃的混合物(终浓度分别为10、5、1 ng/mL)灌胃,连续28 d,灌胃体积为10 mL/kg;对照组给予相同体积的大豆油。记录大鼠体重、进食量,实验末检测血常规和血生化,取肝、肾、脾、睾丸(卵巢)称重并计算脏体比,取肝组织检测代谢酶和抗氧化成分。结果两组大鼠均未见明显异常的症状和体征,也未出现死亡个体。实验组大鼠周进食量增加多于对照组,分组与时间存在交互作用(P<0.05)。雄性大鼠实验组肝体比为(3.87±0.19)%,高于对照组的(3.53±0.06)%(P<0.05);雌性大鼠实验组血红蛋白含量、红细胞计数分别为(145.25±6.18) g/L和(6.90±0.14)×10^(12)/L,均低于对照组的(154.50±4.20) g/L和(7.39±0.24)×10^(12)/L (P<0.05);雌性大鼠实验组谷胱甘肽-S转移酶(GST)为(13.37±1.05) U/mgprot,高于对照组的(9.43±1.08) U/mgprot (P<0.05);雌性和雄性大鼠实验组P4501A1分别为(88.23±5.81) ng/mgprot和(96.80±13.32) ng/mgprot,均高于对照组的(73.85±5.86)ng/mgprot和(72.20±2.01) ng/mgprot (P<0.05)。结论低剂量POPs混合物可诱导大鼠肝P4501A1升高,雄性大鼠肝体比增加,雌性大鼠GST酶活性升高而血红蛋白、红细胞计数降低,提示机体可能受到损害。

Objective To evaluate the health effects of persistent organic pollutants(POPs) on body weight,food intake,internal organs, blood biochemistry, metabolic enzymes and antioxidant ingredients of rats. Methods Sixteen healthy Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats were randomly divided into the experimental group exposed to 10 mL/kg mixture of POPs(10 ng/mL PCBs,5 ng/mL PBDEs,1 ng/mL PCDD/F) everyday for 28 days by gavage,and the control group exposed to the same volume of soybean oil in the same way. Body weight and food intake of the rats were recorded regularly;blood routine and biochemical indices were detected;liver,kidney,spleen and testicles(ovary) of the rats were weighed to calculate organ coefficients;metabolic enzymes and antioxidant ingredients were detected from livers of the rats. Results No obviously abnormal symptoms and no deaths were found in both groups. Compared to the control group,the weekly food intake in the experimental group increased more for there was an interaction between grouping and time(P<0.05). The ratio of liver to body weight of male rats in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group [(3.87±0.19)% vs.(3.53±0.06)%,P<0.05]. The haemoglobin and red blood cell of female rats in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group [(145.25±6.18) g/L vs.(154.50 ±4.20) g/L;(6.90 ±0.14)×1012/L vs.(7.39 ±0.24)×1012/L;both P <0.05]. The glutathione-S-transferase(GST) of female rats in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group [(13.37±1.05)U/mgprot vs.(9.43±1.08) U/mgprot,P<0.05]. The cytochrome P4501 A1 of rats in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group [female:(88.23±5.81) ng/mgprot vs.(73.85±5.86) ng/mgprot;male:(96.80±13.32) ng/mgprot vs.(72.20±2.01) ng/mgprot;both P<0.05]. Conclusion After exposed to low dose of POPs,the cytochrome P4501 A1 increased in all rats,the liver to body weight ratio increased in male rats,GST activity increased while red blood cell and haemoglobin decreased in female rats,which indicated possible body damages in rats.