无人机农业遥感在农作物病虫草害诊断应用研究进展

Advances in diagnosis of crop diseases,pests and weeds by UAV remote sensing

农田作物信息的快速获取与解析是开展精准农业实践的前提和基础。根据农作物病虫草害的实际程度进行变量喷施和作业管理,可减少农业生产成本、优化作物栽培、提高农作物产量和品质,从而实现农业精准管理。近年来,随着无人机产业的快速发展,无人机农业遥感技术因其空间分辨率高、时效性强和成本低等特点,在农作物病虫草害监测应用中发挥了重要作用。本文首先介绍了精准农业航空的基本思想与系统组成和无人机遥感在精准农业航空的地位。接着探讨了无人机农业遥感系统常见的成像方式和遥感影像解析方法,并阐述了国内外无人机农业遥感技术在农作物病虫草害检测研究的最新进展。最后总结了无人机农业遥感技术发展至今面临的挑战并展望了未来的发展方向。本文将为开展无人机农业遥感技术在精准农业航空领域的研究提供理论参考和技术支撑。

Rapid acquisition and analysis of crop information is the precondition and basis for carrying out precision agricultural practice. Variable spraying and agricultural operation management based on the actual degree of crop diseases, pests and weeds can reduce the cost of agricultural production, optimize crop cultivation, improve crop yield and quality, and thus achieve precise agricultural management. In recent years, with the rapid development of UAV industry, UAV agricultural remote sensing technologies have played an important role in monitoring crop diseases, insects and weeds because of high spatial resolution, strong timeliness and low cost. Firstly, this research introduces the basic idea and system composition of precision agricultural aviation, and the status of UAV remote sensing in precision agricultural aviation. Then, the common UAV remote sensing imaging and interpreting methods were discussed, and the progress of UAV agricultural remote sensing technologies in detecting crop diseases, pests and weeds were respectively expounded. Finally, the challenges in the development of UAV agricultural remote sensing technologies nowadays were summarized, and the future development directions of UAV agricultural remote sensing were prospected. This research can provide theoretical references and technical supports for the development of UAV remote sensing technology in the field of precision agricultural aviation.