中药抗补体活性研究进展

Research Progress in TCM Anticomplement Activity

补体系统是人体免疫防御系统的重要组成之一,但其过度激活可引发多种自身免疫性疾病。临床常见的补体抑制剂有糖皮质激素、环磷酰胺、甲胺蝶呤等,虽具一定治疗作用,但对人体其他免疫系统也有抑制作用,且选择性差,长期使用可导致机体免疫能力降低,产生多种并发症和不良反应。近年研究表明,部分中药成分具有抗补体活性,从中筛选补体抑制剂展现出较好的研究及应用前景。本文从补体系统与自身免疫性疾病、经典途径及作用靶点确定、旁路途径方面,对近几年中药抗补体作用研究进行综述,为中药新药研究及筛选提供参考。

The complement system is one of the most important components of human immune defense system. However, excessive activation of the complement system can cause various autoimmune diseases. Most of the common complement inhibitors in clinic are Western medicine, such as glucocorticoids, cyclophosphamide, and methamidophene. Although they have certain efficacy for related diseases, they also have inhibitory effects on other human immune systems and have poor selectivity. Long-term use can lead to reduced immunity and a variety of complications and adverse reactions. Recent studies have shown that some TCM components have anticomplement activity, and screening for complement inhibitors from TCM has shown good research and application prospects. This article reviewed the anticomplement effects of TCM in recent years, and provided references for the research and screening of new TCM from the aspects of complement system and autoimmune diseases, classical pathways and target determination and alternative pathways.