中国热带和南亚热带地区草地贪夜蛾春夏两季迁飞轨迹的分析

Analysis on spring and summer migration routes of fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) from tropical and southern subtropical zones of China

草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda(J.E. Smith)2019年1月入侵云南西部地区后,已在中国热带和南亚热带地区形成了虫源基地。本文利用历史气象数据分析了中国春、夏两季925 hPa夜间平均风温场,并模拟预测了热带和南亚热带地区草地贪夜蛾的迁飞轨迹以及主要降落和波及地区。结果表明:由于中国东部地区春季与夏季盛行偏南风或西南季风,热带和南亚热带地区的草地贪夜蛾主要向东北方向迁移,长江以南是其北进的必经之地和主要的降落地区。如果连续迁飞2个夜晚,便可入侵长江以北至黄河以南地区。在夏季6-7月东部西南季风最强时期,草地贪夜蛾连续迁飞3个夜晚可以到达黄河以北至内蒙古与东北南部的广大区域。本文的研究结果为对中国热带与南亚热带地区草地贪夜蛾迁出虫源的监测预警工作提供了依据。

The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), invaded western Yunnan in January 2019, has formed a source base in tropical and southern subtropical zones in China. In this study, the nocturnal mean wind and temperature fields of 925 hPa in spring and summer in China were analyzed using historical meteorological data. The migration trajectory and main landing and sweeping areas of the moths from tropical and subtropical areas were simulated and predicted. The results showed that due to the prevailing southerly or southwesterly monsoon in spring and summer in eastern China, the moths in tropical and subtropical areas migrated mainly toward the northeast, and the south of the Yangtze River was the necessary place for their northward movement and the main landing area. If the moths take a two-nights flight, they can invade the area of the north of the Yangtze River to the south of the Yellow River. During the strongest southwest monsoon period in June-July in summer, the moths can reach a wide area from the north of the Yellow River to Inner Mongolia and the south east of northeast China by three-nights flight. The results of this study provide a basis for monitoring and early warning of fall armyworm migration from tropical and subtropical regions of China.