聊城市仓储玉米籽粒霉烂病原菌的分离与鉴定

Isolation and identification of pathogens causing stored maize kernel rot in Liaocheng

为了明确聊城市引起仓储玉米籽粒霉烂的病原菌种类,采用形态学和分子生物学相结合的方法对54份样本进行了病原菌分离和鉴定。结果表明,优势病原菌为拟轮枝镰孢Fusarium verticillioides,其次为哈茨木霉复合种Trichoderma harzianum species complex,分离频率分别为31.48%和24.07%,其他病原菌如禾谷镰孢复合种F.graminearum species complex、层出镰孢F.proliferatum、棘孢木霉T.asperellum、黑曲霉Aspergillus niger、黄曲霉A.flavus、草酸青霉Penicillium oxalicum和玉蜀黍丝核菌Rhizoctonia zeae的分离频率分别为9.26%、1.85%、1.85%、5.56%、5.56%、14.81%和3.70%。基于11个哈茨木霉复合种分离物的EF-1α基因序列进行了系统发育分析,结果表明该地区分离到的均为非洲哈茨木霉T.afroharzianum。致病性测定结果显示,非洲哈茨木霉是玉米穗腐病的致病菌且对玉米产量有一定影响。

In order to clarify the pathogens of maize kernel rot during storage in Liaocheng city, the fungi in 54 samples were isolated and identified by a combination of morphological and molecular methods. The results showed that the dominant fungus was Fusarium verticillioides , followed by Trichoderma harzianum species complex (THSC), which were isolated by 31.48% and 24.07%, respectively. The isolation frequencies of other fungi such as F.graminearum species complex, F.proliferatum, T.asperellum, Aspergillus niger, A.flavus, Penicillium oxalicum and Rhizoctonia zeae were 9.26%, 1.85%, 1.85%, 5.56%, 5.56%, 14.81% and 3.70%, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on the EF-1α sequences of 11 THSC isolate showed that all isolates in this region were T.afroharzianum . Pathogenicity test revealed that T.afroharzianum was the pathogen of maize ear rot and had some negative effect on corn yield.