水溶性氟乐灵纳米制剂对向日葵列当的毒力及田间药效

Virulence determination and field efficacy evaluation of water-soluble trifluralin nanoparticles against Orobanche cumana

向日葵列当Orobanche cumana是一种检疫性恶性寄生杂草。本研究采用透析法制备了一种水溶性氟乐灵纳米制剂(Tf-OR-CC),评价其对向日葵列当的室内毒力和田间药效。种子发芽毒力测定结果表明:在独脚金内酯类似物GR24的诱导下,用5μg/mL Tf-OR-CC处理向日葵列当种子,7 d后表现出良好的抑制发芽活性,列当种子发芽率为28.5%,与对照相比差异显著。消解动态试验表明,Tf-OR-CC消解半衰期比48%氟乐灵乳油延长6.56 d,说明Tf-OR-CC具有一定的缓释作用。田间药效试验结果表明,滴灌施用有效成分含量为75 g/667 m^2Tf-OR-CC 45 d后,向日葵列当寄生率为32.1%,寄生强度为5.3,Tf-OR-CC制剂对向日葵列当的田间防效为36.3%。该方法可为向日葵滴灌施药技术防治向日葵列当提供科学依据。

Orobanche cumana is a quarantine and malignant parasitic weed. A water-soluble trifluralin nanoparticles (Tf-OR-CC) were prepared by dialysis method to evaluate virulence and field efficacy against O.cumana . The seed germination test showed that Tf-OR-CC nanoparticles had good effect on inhibiting the germination of O.cumana seeds at 5 μg/mL.After 7 days, the germination rate of the Tf-OR-CC was 28.5%, significantly lower than that of the control. The degradation dynamic test showed that degradation rate of the half-time of Tf-OR-CC nanoparticles was 6.56 days, longer than that of trifluralin 48% EC, indicating that Tf-OR-CC has a certain sustained-release effect. Field trials demonstrated that parasitism rate of O.cumana was 32.1% and parasitic intensity was 5.3 after 45 days of drip irrigation with 75 g/667 m 2 Tf-OR-CC nanoparticles, significantly lower than that of the control, and the efficacy of Tf-OR-CC nanoparticles against O.cumana was 36.3%. The method can provide scientific basis for controlling O.cumana by drip irrigation.