125I放射性粒子在纵隔淋巴结转移中的应用

Application of 125I radioactive particles in mediastinal lymph node metastasis

目的:探讨^125I放射性粒子植入治疗纵隔淋巴结转移的安全性和疗效观察。方法:回顾性分析陕西省肿瘤医院2014年6月至2018年6月53例采用CT引导下125I粒子植入治疗纵隔淋巴结转移患者,采用术前放射治疗计划系统(treatment planning system,TPS)进行计划并术后验证,记录术中、术后并发症情况,观察生存质量改善情况,治疗后1、3、6个月,1、2年复查胸部CT随访,评估局部病灶控制情况,随访中位生存期及总生存期,并对生存预后及死亡原因等进行分析。结果:53例纵隔淋巴结转移瘤患者均顺利完成125I放射性粒子植入术,中位生存期为254天,1年生存率为48.67%,疗效评价完全缓解率(complete response,CR)+部分缓解率(partial response,PR)为83.02%(44/53);Cox模型多因素分析,生存预后与ECOG评分、植入时远处转移、植入后同期化疗、二次粒子植入等相关因素有关(P<0.05);术中、术后气胸和咯血的并发症发生率分别为20.75%(11/53)、13.21%(7/53),无一例患者死亡;植入后在咳嗽、气短、疼痛、声音嘶哑、呛咳和上腔静脉综合征等症状方面有60.00%~82.61%的缓解率。结论:CT引导下125I粒子植入治疗纵隔淋巴结转移,具有手术创伤小、疗效显著、安全性好和可行性高等优点,具有重要应用价值,值得临床进一步推广应用。

Objective: To investigate the safety and efficacy of ^125I radioactive seed implantation in the treatment of mediastinal lymph node metastasis. Methods: Records of 53 patients enrolled in Shaanxi Provincial Tumor Hospital from June 2014 to June 2018 with me-diastinal lymph node metastasis treated by computed tomography(CT)-guided 125I seed implantation were analyzed retrospectively.The preoperative treatment planning system was validated after the surgery. Intraoperative and post-operative complications were re-corded. The improvement in quality of life was observed. Chest CT follow-up was conducted 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years after treatment. The local focus control was evaluated. The median survival and total survival were recorded, and the survival prognosis and causes of death were analyzed. Results: The median survival time was 254 days(8.5 months), one-year survival rate was48.67%, and complete and partial response rate was 83.02%(44/53). Multivariate Cox model analysis showed that the survival progno-sis was related to the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group(ECOG) score, distant metastasis at the time of implantation, concurrent chemotherapy after implantation, and secondary seed implantation(P<0.05). The rates of developing pneumothorax and hemoptysis during and after the surgery were 20.75%(11/55) and 13.20%(7/55), respectively. No patients died. After implantation, the remission rate of cough, shortness of breath, pain, hoarseness, and superior vena cava syndrome was 60.00%-82.61%. Conclusions: CT-guid-ed ^125I seed implantation in the treatment of mediastinal lymph node metastasis has the advantages of minimal trauma, remarkable cu-rative effect, safety, and feasibility. It has important application value and is worthy of further clinical application.