某舰一起甲型H1N1流感疫情的回顾性调查

A retrospective survey of the outbreak of influenza A (H1N1) onboard a certain naval vessel

目的通过分析某舰上发生的一起甲型H1N1流感疫情的流行特征,评价其处置措施效果,为今后舰艇部队流感防控提供工作借鉴。方法进行现场流行病学调查,采集部分病例咽拭子进行病毒核酸检测,采用EXCEL和SPSS软件分析流调数据等。结果此次疫情持续19 d,实验室诊断病例3例,临床诊断病例17例,医学观察113人,发病率为15.04%(20/133),未出现重症及死亡病例。结论体温监测、健康巡诊是及时发现流感病例的有效措施;早发现、早报告是处置流感疫情的关键;离舰隔离治疗患者、就地医学观察密切接触者,加强环境消毒及人员健康教育是控制舰上流感疫情的重要方法。

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of treatment measures through management of the outbreak of influenza A(H1 N1) onboard a certain naval vessel and by analyzing its epidemic features, so as to provide reference for the prevention and control of influenza onboard naval vessels.Methods A field epidemiological survey was performed and nasopharyngeal swabs were collected for viral nucleic acid detection, and then, analyses were made by using EXCEL and SPSS.Results The outbreak lasted for 19 days. There were 20 clinical cases of influenza A(H1 N1), of which 3 were laboratory-confirmed and 17 cases were diagnosed clinically. During the outbreak, 113 suspected of the disease received clinical observation, with the rate of morbidity of 15.04%(20/133), and there were no serious or dead cases.Conclusion Monitoring of body temperature and health supervision are effective measures for timely detection of influenza cases. Early detection and early reporting are the key to correct handling of influenza outbreak. Isolation and treatment of patients off the ship, continuous observation of those in close contacts with patients and strict disinfection of environment and positive health education are important methods for effective prevention and control of influenza outbreak.