环境约束下省域科技资源配置效率:时空格局、演变机理及影响因素

The Efficiency of Scientific and Technological Resources Allocation in China’s Provinces Under Environmental Constraint: Spatiotemporal Pattern,Evolution Mechanism and Influencing Factors

基于环境约束视角,开展了四方面研究:①利用SBM-Undesirable模型测算不考虑和考虑期望产出两种情况下的省域科技资源配置效率,并通过分析其时空格局,发现非期望产出显著降低整体科技资源配置效率,环境因素对四大地区的制约强弱排序依次为东北、中部、西部和东部地区;②借助探索性空间数据分析方法,测算各省的全局和局部空间自相关指数,揭示省域科技资源配置效率的演变机理,发现相邻省域的科技资源配置效率呈现正向空间自相关的集聚特征且呈现增强态势;同时呈现相似的空间集聚特征但变化趋势不显著;③通过建立Tobit回归模型分析非期望产出因素的影响程度,发现工业三废对省域科技资源配置效率存在显著影响,工业二氧化硫排放量对其影响程度最大,工业废水排放量次之,工业粉尘排放量影响程度最小;④提出基于绿色可持续发展理念下的科技资源配置优化对策。

Based on the perspective of environmental constraints,four aspects were studied.①It used the SBM-Undesirable model to measure the efficiency of China s provincial science and technology resource allocation with or without considering expected output,and by analyzing its spatial and temporal pattern,it was found that the undesired output significantly reduced the overall efficiency of the allocation of science and technology resources in China.The order of the environmental factors on the four major regions was the Northeast,Central,Western,and Eastern regions.②It used the exploratory spatial data analysis method(ESDA)to measure the global and local spatial autocorrelation indices of provinces,reveal the evolutionary mechanism of the allocation efficiency of provincial science and technology resources,and found that the allocation efficiency of science and technology resources in adjacent provinces present a positive space.Autocorrelation agglomeration features present an enhanced situation;at the same time,the efficiency of the allocation of science and technology resources in neighboring provinces present similar spatial agglomeration characteristics but the trend of change was not significant.③By establishing a Tobit regression model to analyze the impact of unintended output factors,it was found that industrial wastes had a significant impact on the allocation efficiency of China s provincial science and technology resources.Industrial sulfur dioxide emissions had the greatest impact on them,followed by industrial wastewater discharge.Industrial dust emissions had the smallest impact.④It put forward a strategy for optimizing the allocation of science and technology resources based on the concept of green sustainable development.