基于风险和应急准备能力评估的应急救援能力建设

Emergency Rescue Capacity Building based on Risk and Emergency Preparedness Capability Assessment

为提升我国应对综合自然灾害的应急响应与救援能力,笔者首先指出我国目前在应急准备能力评估和应急救援能力建设方面存在的主要问题;然后以地震为例,提出应急准备能力评估的指标体系框架、指标分类及评价方法,通过评估找出现存能力差距,开展基于风险评估和应急准备能力评估的应对综合自然灾害的救援能力建设。研究表明:开展基于风险和应急准备能力评估的救援能力建设能实现重特大自然灾害快速有效响应与指挥调度能力,极大提升我国重特大自然灾害的应对能力。

In order to improve China’s emergency response and rescue capacity in response to comprehensive natural disasters, the author first points out the main problems in China’s current emergency preparedness capacity assessment and emergency rescue capacity building. Then, taking as the case of earthquake, the index system framework, index classification and evaluation method of emergency preparedness capacity assessment are proposed. Through the assessment, the existing capacity gaps are identified, and the rescue capacity building for comprehensive natural disasters based on risk assessment and emergency preparedness capacity assessment is carried out. The research results show that the building of rescue capacity based on risk and emergency preparedness capacity assessment can realize the quick and effective response and command and dispatch capacity of severe and large-scale natural disasters, and greatly improve the response capacity of China’s severe and large-scale natural disasters.