2017年云南省外环境禽流感监测结果分析

Surveillance and analysis of avian influenza virus in external environment in Yunnan, 2017

目的通过分析云南省2017年外环境禽流感监测结果,为禽流感防控工作提供科学依据。方法采用real-timePCR方法对标本进行流感病毒A型、H5、H7、H9亚型检测,数据分析使用SPSS21.0软件。结果2017年云南省共采集外环境标本5692份,流感病毒检出总阳性率为25.07%。活禽批发市场阳性率最高,为38.19%,5类监测场所的禽流感病毒阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=732.02,P<0.01)。不同标本类型检测结果显示,清洗禽类污水标本的病毒阳性率最高,达43.33%,不同标本类型的病毒阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=319.67,P<0.01)。保山市阳性率最高(48.00%),大理州最低(11.11%),云南省16个州(市)病毒阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=336.29,P<0.01)。结论云南省外环境禽流感病毒阳性率较高,型别多样,活禽批发市场和城乡活禽市场应作为重点监测场所,预防禽流感病毒从禽、环境到人的传播。

Objective By analyzing the environmental surveillance results of avian influenza virus in Yunnan province in 2017, to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of avian influenza. Methods Influenza subtypes A, H5, H7, H9 were detected by real - time PCR, and SPSS21. 0 was used for data analysis. Results A total of 5 692 samples were collected, and the positive rate of influenza virus was 25. 07%. Live poultry wholesale market had the highest positive detection rate of all monitoring sites ( 38. 19%), and there was significant difference for the positive rate of five monitoring sites (χ2 = 732. 02, P < 0. 01). The detection results of different specimens showed the positive rate of waste water for washing poultry was the highest ( 43. 33%), and the differences of positive rate among different specimen types were statistically significant (χ2 = 319. 67, P < 0. 01). Of 16 cities in Yunnan province, positive rate was the highest in Baoshan ( 48. 00%), and the lowest was Dali ( 11. 11%), and the differences of positive rate among 16 cities were statistically significant (χ2 = 336. 29, P < 0. 01 ). Conclusion The positive rate of environmental avian influenza virus in Yunnan province is high, and the subtypes are of variety. Live poultry wholesale market and live poultry market should be the key monitoring sites, so as to prevent the spread of avian influenza virus from avian, environment to human.