20世纪初四川国学院的国学教育路径新论

On Sima Qian’s View of Myth and History from the Perspective of "Wu Di Ben Ji"

四川国学院成立于1912年,是20世纪初由政府兴办的中国第一所大型国学教学研究机构。长期以来,对于它的研究都相当匮乏,在仅有的研究中,也往往将其视作保守落后的对象。不过,这种评价具有一定的片面性。实际上,国学院成立之际,正值教育部推出壬子癸丑学制之时,作为传统学术机构,国学院面临巨大压力,为此,它积极调整办学方式,进行了一系列改革:制定了明确务实的培养目标,推出了新学制下的国学教育方案,重新定位国学教育的功用,又以新制规范学校管理,并融教学科研于一体。意在寻求新学制下传统教育的发展道路,其举措体现出较强的时代性和进步性,从它的变化中也可具体而微地发现传统学术机构在近代的转型路径。

The Sichuan Academy of Sinology(SAS), founded in 1912, is the first large-scale institute for sinology education and research established by the government in the early 20th century. For a long time, the research on SAS has remained largely deficient and SAS is often regarded as a conservative and backward research object, which somehow, presents a one-sided picture. In fact, when SAS was founded, the Ministry of Education was focusing on introducing and promoting the Renzi Guichou School System. As a traditional academic institute, SAS was under tremendous pressure. Situated in its modern educational context, SAS actively adjusted its way of running schools and carried out a series of reforms, set clear and pragmatic educational objectives, initiated new education programs for sinology, re-orientated the function of sinology education, standardized school administration with the new national system, and integrated research into teaching. The aim of this study is to explore the development of traditional education in the context of the new educational system, and to highlight its innovative approaches, showing timely, progressive, and more complicated changes, which cannot be merely interpreted as conservative and backward, but as a subtle transformation of traditional academic institutions in modern times.