早期儒家《诗》学中的心性论建构

The Construction of Theory of Mind in the Early Confucian Study of "Shi Jing"

在早期儒家心性论建构过程中,早期儒家《诗》学发挥了重要而独特的作用。由于《诗》言人之“情志”,《诗》之情感世界为早期儒家阐发自身的心性论提供了丰富的经典思想资源和广阔的诠释空间。《诗》是早期儒家讨论和论证礼乐文化内在本质的话题和依据,也是其借以展开性情与礼义关系讨论的思想资源。在子思学派论证“慎其独”即是“慎其心”的心性哲学和天道观过程中,引《诗》也是不可或缺的内在要素。

As the "inner feelings" of human beings are expressed in "Shi Jing", the emotional world illustrated in the book provides abundant classical ideological resources and extensive explanatory space for the early Confucians to elucidate their theory of mind and nature. "Shi Jing" is a topic and basis for early Confucianism to explore and demonstrate inherent essence of ritual and music culture, and also an ideological resource to discuss the relationship between temperament and rituals and righteousness. In the argumentation of Zisi’s School of thought, the Confucius moral doctrine of being "cautious in solitary" is being "cautious inmind". Valuing the cultivation of personal integrity and moral righteousness, in the philosophy of mind and the view of heaven, Zisi’s School of thought quote "Shi Jing" as an indispensable internal factor.