“体用之辩”——对中国城市设计学说及话语体系的讨论

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN “SUBSTANCE” AND “USE”: A DISCUSSION ON CHINA’S URBAN DESIGN DOCTRINE AND ITS DISCOURSE SYSTEM

学科建设离不开学说的发展,学说发展需要话语体系的建构。本文从历史的视角追溯了中国城市设计学说的思想之源。在对中西方城市设计发展进行比照分析的基础上,提出应立足中国城市设计核心思想及价值观,从基本概念与理论入手,用现代话语重建当代中国城市设计话语体系;指出城市设计话语体系应遵循“体用一源”的法则,思想及理论是“体”,方法、策略及技术体系是“用”。城市设计学说不能被资本所绑架,关键在于学说应有独立的价值标准。人、自然和社会是城市设计价值观构建的三个基本维度,保持三者之间的平衡发展才能真正把握城市设计的未来。

The construction of a discipline depends on the doctrinal development,while the doctrinal development requires the construction of the discourse system.This paper traces back to the origin of the thoughts of China's urban design doctrine from a historical perspective.Based on a comparative analysis on urban design and its development between the Chinese and Western cities,this paper proposes that,starting from basic concepts and theories,we should reconstruct an urban design discourse system in contemporary China by use of modem discourse based on the core thoughts and values of Chinese urban design.The paper emphasizes that the urban design discourse system should follow the principle that "substance and use are from the same source”.The thoughts and theory are the "substance",while the method,strategy,and technical system are the “use”.The key of urban design doctrine that is free from the influence of capital lies in that the doctrine should have its own independent value standards.Human,nature,and society are the three basic dimensions of urban design values,and the balanced development between them can truly lead to the future of urban design.