从《医理》小议余国珮“燥湿为纲”学术思想

Discussion on Yu Guopei’s Academic Thought of “Dryness and Dampness as the Principle” Based on Medical Principles

清代新安医家余国珮独具创新思想,发前医之未备,补前贤所未及,认为“万病之源,皆以燥湿为本,化阴化阳为变”,并在前贤诸家理论的基础上紧密联系其自身临床实践经验,首创“燥湿为纲”学说,法简理赅,以“燥湿”二字详察外感内伤等诸病的病因病机、临证要点、证治用药等,并提出医法顺时论、药味随运变更论、寒燥同治论等独特的理论思想。在临证用药方面,余氏独立“石膏论”,指出治燥独推石膏的理论,称其为“清燥之君药”,认为其为临证治燥不可或缺之品。以上余氏围绕"燥湿为纲"思想提出的诸多理论,对后世医家产生了深远影响,故而具有较大的学习价值。详思其理可知,余氏燥湿思想内容丰富,特色鲜明,其创新思想亦值得现代医家学习。

Yu Guopei, a doctor of Xin’an in the Qing Dynasty, had a unique innovative idea. He made up for the unprecedented achievements of his predecessors and believed that "all diseases originate from dryness and dampness and change Yin into Yang". On the basis of the theories of the predecessors, he closely linked his own clinical experience to inherit the theory of "dryness and dampness as the principle". His method was simple and reasonable, and "dryness and dampness" were used to examine the etiology and pathogenesis of various diseases such as external and internal injury, the main points of clinical symptoms, treatment and medication, etc., and put forward the unique theoretical ideas such as the theory of timeliness of medical law, the theory of changing medicinal taste with the passage, and the theory of treating cold and dryness with the same treatment. In the aspect of clinical medication, Yu’s independent theory of "gypsum" points out the theory that treating dryness depends on gypsum, which is called "sovereign drug for dryness", and considers it indispensable for treating dryness in clinical practice. Many theories put forward by Yu related to the idea of "dryness and dampness as the principle" have exerted far-reaching influence on later generations of physicians, so they have great learning value. After careful consideration, it can be seen that Yu’s thoughts on "dryness and dampness" are rich in content and distinctive in characteristics, and his innovative ideas are worth learning by modern doctors.