农村体育治理评价指标体系构建与实证研究

The Construction of Rural Sports Governance Evaluation Index System and Its Empirical Research

农村体育治理评价是农村体育治理深入推进过程中不可回避的重要理论与实践问题。采用文献资料调研、调查研究、数理统计等方法,参照评价理论、社会指标理论等理论与方法,基于善治导向,从治理"投入-过程-产出"三维视角进行农村体育治理评价指标体系的构建,形成包括3个一级指标、16个二级指标、40个三级指标的农村体育治理评价指标体系,并对所构建的指标体系进行实证研究。实证研究结果表明,我国农村体育治理水平总体上呈东、中、西部阶梯状分布,但部分三级指标并未呈明显阶梯状特征,甚至有少数指标呈"反阶梯"分布。综合实证研究结果认为,当下农村体育治理应转变投入重心,由注重场地设施等"硬件"投入渐向组织保障、健身宣传等"软件"投入转变,以"软硬兼治"推进新时期农村体育治理向纵深发展。此外,政府部门虽为农村体育治理的核心力量,但应时而生的社会力量不容忽视,应因势利导,充分发挥社会力量在农村体育治理中的积极助推作用,以形成多元共治、合力并举的善治格局。

The evaluation of rural sports governance is an important theoretical and practical problem. Based on the guidance of good governance, this paper constructs an evaluation index system of rural sports governance from three-dimensional perspectives of "Governance Input-Governance Process-Governance Output" by using the methods of literature research, investigation and mathematical statistics and other methods, and referring to evaluation theory and social index theory. The index system constructed in this paper includes 3 first-level indexes, 16 second-level indexes and 40 third-level indexes, which has been tested empirically in this paper. The empirical results show that the level of rural sports governance is generally ladder-like distribution in the east, middle and west, but some of the third-level indexes don’t show obviously ladder-like characteristics, and there are even a few indicators with "anti-ladder" distribution. The results of comprehensive empirical research show that the current rural sports governance should change the focus from paying attention to the "hardware" investment, such as venue and facilities, to the "software" investment, such as organization, propaganda work, etc., and then combine "hard" and "soft" to promote the new period of rural sports governance to the depth of development. In addition, although the government is the core force of rural sports governance, the social forces should not be neglected. Therefore, we should give full play to the positive role of social forces in rural sports governance, so as to form a pattern of good governance with multiple coexistence and combined efforts.