混凝土拱坝的多轴强度与安全指标

Multi-axial strength and safety index of concrete arch dams

为便于推算混凝土多轴强度,开展混凝土结构的多轴强度设计,本文针对任意的多参数强度准则,给出了用等比超载系数KOL计算多轴强度的通用方法。以某已建成的拱坝为例,分别计算坝体的等比超载系数KOL和失效距离系数KFD,并与单轴强度安全系数进行比较,指出混凝土拱坝按多轴强度设计的必要性。基于KFD的定义和算例分析,建议将KFD作为拱坝多轴强度安全设计和校核的指标。

In order to calculate the multi-axial strength of concrete and design a concrete structure considering the multi-axial strength of concrete, a general method for calculating the multi-axial strength under an arbitrary multi-parameter strength criteria is presented in this paper by using the overload factor of equivalent ratio, KOL. Taking a completed arch dam as an example, the equal proportional overload factor,KOL, and the failure distance factor, KFD, are calculated, respectively, and compared with the safety factor of uniaxial strength. Then,the necessity of designing a concrete arch dam according to the multi-axial strength is pointed out. Based on the definition of KFD and the analysis of an example, it is suggested that KFD should be consideredas an index for the safety design and the checking of multi-axial strength of arch dams.