2012年来三次南海维权斗争研究

Three Struggles for Safeguarding Rights in the South China Sea since 2012

2012年以来中国主要进行了三次南海维权斗争。这些斗争本质上都是新时期中国政府强调南海诸岛"主权属我"政策的体现。不同局势下发生的三次南海维权斗争各有具体目标和作用,而历次维权斗争则存在一些共同的特点,如斗争目标的有限性、维权斗争手段的多样性与互补性和维权意志的坚定性,由此导致维权斗争过程非常复杂。从更全面以及连贯性角度看,三次南海维权斗争都是对南海特定局势的反应,其目的是要实现特定的政策目标。由此而来的对我政策启示为:南海维权必须服务于中国和平发展大战略、必须立足于维护中国参与主导的南海局势、既要注意硬实力建设也要注意软实力建设。

China has conducted three struggles for safeguarding rights in the South China Sea (SCS) since 2012,which demonstrated the policy of “sovereignty of SCS islands belongs to China” in the new era.The specific goals and effects of the three struggles for safeguarding rights in the SCS were different in different situations,but they shared the following characters:limited goals,various and complementary means,and the firm will,which resulted in a very complicated process to safeguard rights.From a more comprehensive and coherent perspective,the three conflicts to defend rights of the SCS responded to specific situations in the SCS which aimed to realize specific objectives.In conclusion,based on the tenet to maintain China's domination and participation in the SCS situation,measures to safeguard rights in the SCS are supposed to serve the grand strategy of peaceful development,and attention should be attached to the construction of both hard and soft power.