何以嫁卖?——从乾嘉道巴县36份嫁卖案例说起

What is Bride Trafficking? ——A Research Based on the 36 Legal Cases of Bride Trafficking in Archives of Ba County During the Reigns of Qianlong,Jiaqing and Daoguang

嫁卖是指将女性以"嫁"的形式出售的人口买卖活动,是一种婚姻缔结与人口买卖相结合的社会现象。嫁卖有以下特点:有财礼;与财礼相比几乎可以略去不计的嫁妆,甚至没有嫁妆;财礼由主嫁者支配,不归新婚小家庭所有。巴县档案中的嫁卖可分为当官嫁卖、夫族嫁卖、母族嫁卖和其他嫁卖,其中夫族嫁卖最为常见;嫁卖发生的原因主要有经济原因和其他原因;清代巴县的县官反对嫁卖妻子。

Bride trafficking is a behavior of selling women by marriage,which is a social phenomenon combining marriage and human trafficking.Bride trafficking can be judged from the following three features: marrying a woman to a man with the reception of financial gifts from his family,marrying with little dowry that can be almost negligible or even no dowry,the financial gifts controlled by the seller instead of the new couple.Based on Archives of Ba County,there are four types of people who implement bride trafficking--the feudal government officials,women’s former husbands and their families who are the most common implementers,women’s natural families and other unclassified trafficking.The bride trafficking is basically caused by economic reason and other reasons.The county magistrates of Ba county in the Qing dynasty were opposed to wife-selling.