海洋生物体内砷含量及其形态研究进展

Advances of Arsenic Contents and Different Species in Marine Organisms

砷是一种强毒性化学物质,毒性不但与其在环境中的总量有关,更与其化学形态密切相关。砷在海洋环境中普遍存在,而海洋生物体内砷化合物的含量较高,是海洋环境中的“砷库”。本文结合国内外对海洋生物体内总砷及砷形态的分析,总结了国内外对各类海洋生物,包括海藻、海葵、多毛类、贝类、鱼类和其他高营养级海洋动物体内不同形态砷含量、累积和形态转化等研究概况和进展。针对目前研究工作和技术水平差异,建议我国应在检测技术、样品前处理、标准品制备、砷对生物体的健康效应等方面开展深入研究,以期揭示海洋生物对砷的累积规律、形态转化机制以及在人类体内代谢过程与危害性,为保护海洋生态环境、维护海洋食品安全提供科学依据。

Arsenic is a widely distributed toxic element in the marine environment.Its toxicity not only associates with the total concentration,but also depends on its chemical speciation.Marine organisms contain high concentration of arsenic;therefore they are named as “arsenic bank” of the marine environment.Based on the analysis of total arsenic and arsenic species in marine organisms worldwide,this paper summarizes the concentrations and bioaccumulation of different arsenic species in various marine organisms including seaweed,sea anemone,polychaete,shellfish,fish and other high-nutrient marine animals.In view of the current research work,it is suggested that we should conduct in-depth research on detection,sample pretreatment,standard preparation,and health effects of arsenic on organisms,in order to reveal the accumulation,transformation,and metabolic processes of arsenic in marine organisms,and provide scientific supports for marine ecological environmental conservation and food safety.