202例患者应用吡嗪酰胺后的不良反应分析

Analysis of adverse reactions of 202 patients treated with pyrazinamide

目的分析患者应用吡嗪酰胺后的药物不良反应(ADR)情况,以指导临床合理用药。方法回顾性分析202例发生吡嗪酰胺ADR患者的临床资料,总结吡嗪酰胺引起的ADR发生规律及特点。结果吡嗪酰胺引起的ADR在男性中的发生率高于女性患者,且其在18～30岁患者中的发生率高于其他年龄段。ADR多发生在用药60 d内,其中用药8～30 d ADR发生率较高。吡嗪酰胺引起的ADR可累及机体多系统-器官。在吡嗪酰胺引起的ADR患者中,经对症处理或停换药后,ADR治愈17例,140例好转。结论在吡嗪酰胺的使用中,医务人员应密切观察患者用药后8～30 d ADR发生情况。为了避免高尿酸血症的发生,需定期监测患者血尿酸水平,并及时采取措施,避免严重ADR的发生。

Objective To analyze the adverse drug reactions(ADR) of patients treated with pyrazinamide in order to guide the rational use of drugs in clinic. Methods The clinical data of 202 patients with ADR induced by pyrazinamide were retrospectively analyzed and the incidence regularity and characteristics of ADR induced by pyrazinamide were summarized. Results The incidence of ADR induced by pyrazinamide in male was higher than that in female, and that in the 18-30 years old was higher than that in other age. ADR mostly occurred within 60 days of medication, and the incidence of ADR at 8-30 days after medication was higher. ADR induced by pyrazinamide can involve multiple systemorgan. Among the patients with ADR caused by pyrazinamide, 17 cases cured and 140 cases improved after symptomatic treatment or drug change. Conclusion In the use of pyrazinamide, medical staff should closely observe the ADR in patients at 8-30 days after medication. In order to avoid the hyperuricemia, it is necessary to regularly monitor the levels of blood uric acid and timely take measures to avoid the incidence of severe ADR.