新生儿窒息的相关危险因素分析及防范对策

Analysis on Related Risk Factors and Preventive Measures of Neonatal Asphyxia

目的探讨新生儿窒息的相关危险因素及防范对策。方法选取2015年1月至2017年12月我院收治的100例窒息新生儿作为观察组,选取同期在我院正常娩出的100例健康新生儿作为对照组,回顾性分析两组新生儿及产妇的相关临床资料,比较两组的产前出血、脐带异常、羊水污染、胎盘早剥、胎位异常、产程异常、妊娠期高血压、子宫畸形情况。结果单因素与多因素Logistic回归分析显示,脐带异常、羊水污染、胎盘早剥、产程异常是新生儿窒息的独立危险因素(P <0.05)。结论新生儿窒息的主要危险因素为脐带异常、羊水污染、胎盘早剥、产程异常。临床上应加强围产期的健康教育与卫生保健,指导产妇做好产前检查,对相关危险因素及时采取针对性干预措施,做好必要的新生儿窒息急救准备,减少新生儿窒息及其并发症的发生。

Objective To explore the related risk factors and preventive measures of neonatal asphyxia. Methods 100 cases of neonates with asphyxia admitted to our hospital from January 2015 to December 2017 were selected as observation group, and 100 healthy neonates delivered normally at the same period were selected as control group. The clinical related data of neonates and puerperas in the two groups were analyzed retrospectively. The prenatal bleeding, umbilical cord abnormality, amniotic fluid contamination, placental abruption,abnormal placental position, abnormal labor process, gestational hypertension and uterine malformation of the two groups were compared.Results Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the umbilical cord abnormality, amniotic fluid contamination,placental abruption and abnormal labor process were independent risk factors for neonatal asphyxia(P<0.05). Conclusions The main risk factors of neonatal asphyxia are umbilical cord abnormality, amniotic fluid pollution, placental abruption and abnormal labor process. In clinic, health education and healthcare at perinatal period should be strengthened, prenatal examination should be guided for puerperas,pertinent intervention measures should be taken in time according to related risk factors, and the necessary emergency of neonatal asphyxia should be prepared, so as to reduce the neonatal asphyxia and complications.