《〈黑格尔法哲学批判〉导言》的当代重要性再考察

A Review of the Contemporary Importance of Introduction to a Critique of Hegel Philosophy of Right

学者们在论争《〈黑格尔法哲学批判〉导言》的主题时,很少涉及马克思与黑格尔遗产、与费尔巴哈的根本差异问题。针对文本上的明显事实,《〈黑格尔法哲学批判〉导言》之于马克思批判黑格尔法哲学的重要性,至今仍未得到充分确立。在学者们满足于宣布费尔巴哈人本学哲学对马克思的影响之后,马克思关于无产阶级新哲学,被慢慢地排除在作为其理论基础的一部分之外,当文献学的意见开始变化,而越来越多的批评家想在这里读出马克思的某种哲学遗嘱的时候,学者们如果想要对它们进行严肃的研究,就不得不打破对《〈黑格尔法哲学批判〉导言》中的独立思想的长久遮蔽。在马克思并不拥有一个具有先验哲学伦理体系时,他却能够如此广泛而不费力地对德国国家哲学和法哲学进行批判。

Scholars rarely touch on the fundamental differences between Marx and Hegel and Feuerbach when they debate the theme of Introduction to a Critique of Hegel Philosophy of Right. According to the obvious facts in the text, the importance of Introduction to a Critique of Hegel Philosophy of Right to Marx's criticism of Hegel s philosophy has not yet been fully established. After the scholars were satisfied with the announcement of the influence of the Feuerbachian philosophy of learning on Marx, Marx's new philosophy of the proletariat was slowly excluded from being part of its theoretical foundation. In the new century, when the opinions of philology begin to change, and more and more critics want to interpret some of Marx's philosophical wills, scholars must break the long-term obscuration of independent thought in Introduction to a Critique of Hegel Philosophy of Right. When Marx did not possess a system of transcendental philosophical ethics, he was able to criticize German national philosophy and legal philosophy so extensively and without difficulty.