老龄化社会下英国健康服务体系的改革及经验

Health service system reform in aging society and experience of the United Kingdom

英国是最早进入老龄化的发达国家之一,应对老龄化有较为丰富的经验。本文主要从英国的健康服务体系、健康筹资及支付模式、老年健康服务模式及整合服务模式探索案例对英国应对老龄化的健康服务体系进行介绍。从英国经验启示来看,我国应建立统一的资源配置规则,加强全科医生、初级保健和公共卫生建设,建立以数据、分析工具为支持的决策体系,以应对老龄化带来的健康服务体系的挑战。

The UK is one of the first developed countries that entered the aging society and has a rich experience in dealing with aging population. This paper analyzes the reform of health service system, innovations of financing and payment, the health service mode for elderly, and the pilots of integrated health care explorations. The experience of the UK and its implications for China are summarized. It further suggests to establish a unified resource allocation regulation, to strengthen general practitioner, primary health care and public health, and to establish a decision-making system supported by data and analysis tools in order to cope with the challenges brought by an aging population in medical service system.