中国卫生人力资源配置水平的空间分析

Spatial analysis of health human resources allocationin China

目的:探讨我国近十年来卫生人力资源在省级层面的空间分布及变化特征,促进卫生人力资源的优化配置。方法:运用全局空间自相关、LISA检验及相对发展率指数对我国卫生人力资源的空间分布及发展趋势进行分析。结果:我国千人口卫生人力资源配置总体上呈现由北向南递减的趋势;全局Moran’sI显示我国卫生人力资源聚集水平不断下降,地区差异不断缩小;LISA结果显示天津、石家庄和广东地区卫生人力资源存在局部空间自相关且差异具有统计学意义;不同时间段的卫生人力资源增长空间格局及其演变趋势与卫生人力资源空间格局变化并不完全一致。结论:尽管我国卫生人力资源配置的总体空间分布差距在不断缩小,但省级水平上仍存在分布的不均衡。基于空间统计分析的卫生人力资源信息有助于可视化的展示我国卫生人力资源的分布,为政府管理部门决策提供依据。

Objective:This paper aims to explore the spatial distribution and evolution of China’s health human resources at the provincial-level in the past 1O years, in order to promote the optimal allocation of health human resources in China. Methods: The Global Moran’s I index,LISA test and NICH methods are used to analyze the spatial distribution and evolution of health human resources in China. Results:In general, the analysis of China’s health human resources of hundreds ofthousands of people shows a downward trend from north to south. The Moran’s I analysis results show that the level of health human resources accumulation in China has been declining and regional differences has been shrinking. The results of LISA analysis show that there is a significant spatial autocorrelation of health human resources in Tianjin, Shijiazhuang and Guangdong. In addition, the spatial pattern and evolution of growth are not completely consistent with the changesinthe spatial pattern of human resources. Conclusions: Although the overall spatial distribution gap of the health human resources allocation in China is shrinking, there is still anuneven distribution at the provincial level. The spatial statistical analysis can help visualize the distribution of health human resources in China and provide government departments with a basis fordecision-making reference.